Page 182 - Šolsko polje, XXX, 2019, št. 1-2: Nasilje, šola, družba I, ur. Mitja Sardoč in Barbara Japelj Pavešić
P. 182
šolsko polje, letnik xxx, številka 1–2
CONCEPTS OF RESPONDING TO VIOLENCE BETWEEN THE
POLITICS OF ZERO TOLERANCE AND RESTORATIVE JUSTICE
Since the nineties of the twentieth century, when it finally penetrated the
world scene, the policy for zero tolerance towards violence has established
itself with its symbolic, expressive role of defending society without vio-
lence and has gained a spectacular dimension that only grows in the cul-
ture of fear and danger. With skillful intersection of the vocabulary of
humanism (violence must always be marked as inadmissible), retributive
punitive policies (the society is obliged to respond to imprecise behavior
with punishment) and utilitarianism (disproportionately severe penalties
can prevent the further spread of violence), the politics of zero tolerance
has responded to the general climate of criticism of permissiveness and se-
rious objections to the therapeutic penological and criminological orien-
tation. In this article, I will draw attention to the unsustainability of the
practical use of zero tolerance policies of violence in an inclusive school
and to a serious alternative to the dilemma „or severe punishment or the-
rapeutic treatment“ in the ideas of restorative justice and restorative di-
sciplinary approaches. These are especially welcome when dealing with a
rapidly growing „remote violence“, which is facilitated by the spread of
hostile speech in an online environment. At the same time, the commit-
ment to comprehensive restorative disciplinary approaches requires serio-
us consideration of the concept of community, which should be based on
this penological paradigm.
Keywords: zero tolerance, retribution, restorative justice, inclusiveness
Ingrid Kodelja
NASILJE – POSKUS OPREDELITVE IN UPRAVIČENJA
Nasilje je zelo nejasen pojem, ki se ga razume in razlaga na različne načine.
Na ravni izkušnje se sicer zdi, da vsi »vemo«, kaj je nasilje, ko pa skušamo
določiti njegove osnovne značilnosti, ga definirati, se znajdemo pred tež-
ko nalogo. Osnovni namen tega prispevka je pokazati teoretično komple-
ksnost vprašanj o nasilju, njegovi definiciji in upravičenju. Prvi del obrav-
nava dva glavna pristopa k razumevanju in definiranju nasilja: ožji pristop,
ki nasilje enači z uporabo sile, in širši pristop, ki nasilje opredeli kot krši-
tev. Sledi Bufacchijeva definicija nasilja kot kršitev integritete, ki zavzema
vmesni prostor med obema omenjenima pristopoma. Zadnji del obravna-
va vprašanje moralne upravičenosti nasilja.
Ključne besede: nasilje, definicija nasilja, moralna upravičenost nasilja
180
CONCEPTS OF RESPONDING TO VIOLENCE BETWEEN THE
POLITICS OF ZERO TOLERANCE AND RESTORATIVE JUSTICE
Since the nineties of the twentieth century, when it finally penetrated the
world scene, the policy for zero tolerance towards violence has established
itself with its symbolic, expressive role of defending society without vio-
lence and has gained a spectacular dimension that only grows in the cul-
ture of fear and danger. With skillful intersection of the vocabulary of
humanism (violence must always be marked as inadmissible), retributive
punitive policies (the society is obliged to respond to imprecise behavior
with punishment) and utilitarianism (disproportionately severe penalties
can prevent the further spread of violence), the politics of zero tolerance
has responded to the general climate of criticism of permissiveness and se-
rious objections to the therapeutic penological and criminological orien-
tation. In this article, I will draw attention to the unsustainability of the
practical use of zero tolerance policies of violence in an inclusive school
and to a serious alternative to the dilemma „or severe punishment or the-
rapeutic treatment“ in the ideas of restorative justice and restorative di-
sciplinary approaches. These are especially welcome when dealing with a
rapidly growing „remote violence“, which is facilitated by the spread of
hostile speech in an online environment. At the same time, the commit-
ment to comprehensive restorative disciplinary approaches requires serio-
us consideration of the concept of community, which should be based on
this penological paradigm.
Keywords: zero tolerance, retribution, restorative justice, inclusiveness
Ingrid Kodelja
NASILJE – POSKUS OPREDELITVE IN UPRAVIČENJA
Nasilje je zelo nejasen pojem, ki se ga razume in razlaga na različne načine.
Na ravni izkušnje se sicer zdi, da vsi »vemo«, kaj je nasilje, ko pa skušamo
določiti njegove osnovne značilnosti, ga definirati, se znajdemo pred tež-
ko nalogo. Osnovni namen tega prispevka je pokazati teoretično komple-
ksnost vprašanj o nasilju, njegovi definiciji in upravičenju. Prvi del obrav-
nava dva glavna pristopa k razumevanju in definiranju nasilja: ožji pristop,
ki nasilje enači z uporabo sile, in širši pristop, ki nasilje opredeli kot krši-
tev. Sledi Bufacchijeva definicija nasilja kot kršitev integritete, ki zavzema
vmesni prostor med obema omenjenima pristopoma. Zadnji del obravna-
va vprašanje moralne upravičenosti nasilja.
Ključne besede: nasilje, definicija nasilja, moralna upravičenost nasilja
180
