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However, overall, the results suggest that the relationship between partici-
pation in school and SES varies by country and type of activity.

4.3 Students’ discussion of political and social issues outside school
Next, we tested the relationships between SES and the constructs of Stu-
dents’ discussion of political and social issues outside school (S_POLDISC)

Table 22: Relationship between composite variable of discussing about political and social
issues outside of school (S_POLDISC) and SES

Slovenia Coefficients t_value
1,27 (0,17) 7,63
7,38
Croatia 1,33 (0,18) 7,46

Italy 1,19 (0,16)

*Standard errors appear in parentheses.

Table 22 above shows the relationship between a composite variable of
discussing political and social issues outside of school (S_POLDISC) and
socio-economic status (SES) in Slovenia, Croatia, and Italy. The table pro-
vides the regression coefficients and t-values for each country. In all three
countries, there is a positive relationship between discussing political and
social issues outside of school and SES. Specifically, the t-value of 7.63 in
Slovenia, 7.38 in Croatia, and 7.46 in Italy indicates that the relationship
in all three countries is statistically significant at the 95% trust interval. In
general, this means that those ICCS students, who have a higher SES tend-
ed to report discussing political and social issues outside of school more of-
ten.

The final regression analysis was done with separate items that obtain
information about students’ discussions of political and social issues out-
side of school. The table below shows the results of the analysis.

Regarding the discussion about political and social issues outside
school (table below), regression analysis for Slovenia shows a statistically
significant relationship with SES for all items, except for Watching tele-
vision to inform yourself about national and international news (t = 1.75).
In Croatia, all four items show a statistically significant relationship with
SES, and in Italy, all except for Talking with friends about what is happen-
ing in other countries show a statistically significant relationship with SES.

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