Page 151 - Igor Ž. Žagar in Anej Korsika (ur.), (Pre)drzna Slovenija, Digitalna knjižnica, Documenta 4
P. 151
ORYQHJDVHNWRUMDGDLQRYLUDL]GHONHLQSURFHVHQDRVQRYLUD]LVNRYDOQRUD]YRMQHJD
GHODLYUD]YRMQRVWUDWHJLMRGUåDYHLQQMHQHVNXSQHSULRULWHWH]QDQVWYHQR
UD]LVNRYDOQHGHMDYQRVWL
$SOLNDFLMDPHULODUHOHYDQWQRVWLUD]LVNRYDOQRUD]YRMQHJDGHOD]DGRPDþH
JRVSRGDUVWYRMHYDEVRUEFLMVNLPRþLLQGXVWULMHLQYSRWHQFLDOXWHUUD]YRMQLKPRåQRVWLK
REVWRMHþLKLQQRYLKSRGMHWLM0HGWHKQRORJLMDPLNLVRYVYHWXLGHQWLILFLUDQHNRW
ªPHJDWUHQGL©MHSRWUHEQDDQDOL]DNDWHUHVSHFLILþQHRåMHWHKQRORJLMHLQGHMDYQRVWL
L]PHGQMLKVRSHUVSHNWLYQH]D6ORYHQLMRWUåQHQLãHLQXVWUH]DMRNULWHULMHP]D
VSRGEXMDQMH3RWUHEQRERþLPSUHML]YHVWLSRGUREQRWHKQRORãNRSUHGYLGHYDQMH73
ªWHFKQRORJ\IRUHVLJKW©VNDWHULP6ORYHQLMD]DPXMD]DVWDULPLLQQRYLPLþODQLFDPL(8
73ERLGHQWLILFLUDORSRGURþMDR]LURPDWHKQRORJLMHNLVRXVNODMHQH]ªPHJDWUHQGL©Y
VYHWXWHULPDMRY6ORYHQLMLUHDOQHPRåQRVWL]DJRVSRGDUVNLXVSHKVDMVRXVWUH]QR
SRGSUWH]GRPDþR]QDQRVWMRLQVNDSDFLWHWDPLYJRVSRGDUVWYXWHULPDMRKNUDWLPRåQRVW
XVSHKDQDVYHWRYQHPWUJX3RPHPEQRMHWXGLLGHQWLILFLUDQMHWUåQLKQLã*UH]D
SRYH]DYRND]DOFHYUD]SRORåOMLYLKSRWHQFLDORYREVHJLQVWUXNWXUDUD]LVNRYDOQLKVNXSLQ
R]LURPDLQVWLWXFLM]QDQMD]QDQVWYHQDLQWHKQRORãNDSURGXNWLYQRVWREVHJLQVWUXNWXUD
L]YR]DWHUND]DOFHYWUåQLKSULORåQRVWLNLVRL]YHQREPRþMDGHORYDQMDVORYHQVNLK
DNWHUMHYUDVWSRYSUDãHYDQMDY(8LQYVYHWXWHKQRORãNLWUHQGLUD]YRMNRQNXUHQFH
+NUDWLPRUDWHKQRORãNRSUHGYLGHYDQMHWHPHOMLWLQDãLURNHPNRQVHQ]XSUHGVWDYQLNRY
XSUDYOMDYFHYDNDGHPVNHVNXSQRVWLSRVORYQHJDVHNWRUMDLQFLYLOQHGUXåEHWHUELWL
SRGSUWRVSULSUDYOMHQRVWMRSRVORYQHJDVHNWRUMD]DVRILQDQFLUDQMHYODJDQMQDWHK
SRGURþMLKWHULQWHJUDWLYQRVSRVREQRVWMRNOMXþQLKDNWHUMHYQDSRVDPH]QLKSRGURþMLK
'ROHWDER]DWRSRWHNDORWXGLWHKQRORãNRSUHGYLGHYDQMHNDWHUHJDQDPHQMH]
PHWRGRDQNHWLUDQMDLQHNVSHUWQHUD]SUDYHSUDYRþDVQR]D]QDWLSRWUHERSRVSUHPHPEL
RSUHGHOLWYHSUHGQRVWQLKSRGURþLMWHUKNUDWLRFHQLWLNDWHUDRåMDWHPDWVNDR]LURPD
SUREOHPVNDSRGURþMDVRODKNR]D6ORYHQLMRãHSRVHEHMUHOHYDQWQD5H]XOWDWL
WHKQRORãNHJDSUHGYLGHYDQMDERGRVSURWLMDYQRGRVWRSQLLQERGRWDNRVOXåLOLNRW
QHIRUPDOQRYHQGDUVWURNRYQRUHOHYDQWQRGRGDWQRPHULOR]DXVPHUMDQMHYLURY]D
UD]LVNRYDOQRUD]YRMQRGHMDYQRVW
3RPHPEQRMHREOLNRYDQMHVNXSQLKVWUDWHãNLKSDQRåQLKVNXSLQLQGXVWULMH
VWRULWYHQHJDVHNWRUMDLQMDYQLKUD]LVNRYDOQLKLQVWLWXFLM]DSULSUDYRGROJRURþQLK
XVPHULWHYLQVWUDWHãNLKUD]LVNRYDOQLKSURJUDPRY]DVSUHMHWHWHKQRORãNHSODWIRUPH
'ROHWDMHWUHED]QRWUDMGUXåERVORYMDLQKXPDQLVWLNHXUDYQRYHVLWLVWUXNWXUR
MDYQLKYODJDQMYWHPHOMQR]QDQVWYHQRUD]LVNRYDOQRGHMDYQRVWYNRULVWGRVOHM
]DSRVWDYOMHQLKSRGURþLMLQVWURNNLVRSRPHPEQH]DGXKRYQRLQNXOWXUQRRVYHãþDQMHLQ
NUHSLWHYFLYLOQHGUXåEH3RVHEQDVNUEPRUDYHOMDWLVNUEL]DDSOLFLUDQMHKXPDQLVWLþQLKLQ
GUXåERVORYQLK]QDQMLQYHGHQMQDSRGURþMLKSROLWLNHPHGLMHYLQWXGLHWLNHFHORWQHJD
]QDQVWYHQRUD]LVNRYDOQHJDSRGURþMDVDMERWDNRPRJRþHYVR]QDQRVWKXPDQL]LUDWLLQ
SUHSUHþLWLQMHQPUWYLWHKQRORãNLDOLJRVSRGDUVNRWHKQRNUDWVNLWRN2PRJRþDQDM
SRWUHEQRSRYH]RYDQMHVWURNLQSRGURþLM]DFHORVWQLWUDMQRVWQLLQKXPDQLQDSUHGHN
SRVDPH]QLNRYLQFHORWQHGUXåEHWHURODMãDQMLKRYRNRQNXUHQþQRVSRVREQRVWY
JOREDOL]DFLMVNLKSRVWPRGHUQLKWRNRYLK
3UL6YHWX]D]QDQRVWLQWHKQRORJLMR5HSXEOLNH6ORYHQLMD6=7ERSRWUHEQD
Y]SRVWDYLWHYWHOHVNMHUVHVUHþXMHMRSRVORYQLVHNWRUUD]LVNRYDOFLLQGUåDYDLQNMHU
GRORþLMRSUHGQRVWQHWHPH]QRWUDMSRVDPH]QLKSRGURþLMSUHGYVHP]DDSOLNDWLYQH
UD]LVNDYH2VQRYR]DWDNDWHOHVDODKNRGDMRãLURNHWHKQRORãNHSODWIRUPHJUR]GLPUHåH
RGOLþQRVWLLSGYRNYLUXNDWHULKVHODKNRL]YDMDMRSURMHNWLWHKQRORãNHJDSUHGYLGHYDQMD
3UYDSRGUREQDHYDOYDFLMDXYHOMDYOMDQMDSULRULWHWYRNYLUX1553NLVHL]YDMDSRG
RNULOMHP6=7ERRSUDYOMHQDSRGYHKOHWLKL]YDMDQMD15531DSRGODJLXJRWRYLWHY
HYDOYDFLMHWHKQRORãNHJDSUHGYLGHYDQMDLQGUXJLKUHOHYDQWQLKDQDOL]VHRSUDYLWXGL
NRUHNFLMDSULRULWHWþHVHERL]ND]DOR]DSRWUHEQR
GHODLYUD]YRMQRVWUDWHJLMRGUåDYHLQQMHQHVNXSQHSULRULWHWH]QDQVWYHQR
UD]LVNRYDOQHGHMDYQRVWL
$SOLNDFLMDPHULODUHOHYDQWQRVWLUD]LVNRYDOQRUD]YRMQHJDGHOD]DGRPDþH
JRVSRGDUVWYRMHYDEVRUEFLMVNLPRþLLQGXVWULMHLQYSRWHQFLDOXWHUUD]YRMQLKPRåQRVWLK
REVWRMHþLKLQQRYLKSRGMHWLM0HGWHKQRORJLMDPLNLVRYVYHWXLGHQWLILFLUDQHNRW
ªPHJDWUHQGL©MHSRWUHEQDDQDOL]DNDWHUHVSHFLILþQHRåMHWHKQRORJLMHLQGHMDYQRVWL
L]PHGQMLKVRSHUVSHNWLYQH]D6ORYHQLMRWUåQHQLãHLQXVWUH]DMRNULWHULMHP]D
VSRGEXMDQMH3RWUHEQRERþLPSUHML]YHVWLSRGUREQRWHKQRORãNRSUHGYLGHYDQMH73
ªWHFKQRORJ\IRUHVLJKW©VNDWHULP6ORYHQLMD]DPXMD]DVWDULPLLQQRYLPLþODQLFDPL(8
73ERLGHQWLILFLUDORSRGURþMDR]LURPDWHKQRORJLMHNLVRXVNODMHQH]ªPHJDWUHQGL©Y
VYHWXWHULPDMRY6ORYHQLMLUHDOQHPRåQRVWL]DJRVSRGDUVNLXVSHKVDMVRXVWUH]QR
SRGSUWH]GRPDþR]QDQRVWMRLQVNDSDFLWHWDPLYJRVSRGDUVWYXWHULPDMRKNUDWLPRåQRVW
XVSHKDQDVYHWRYQHPWUJX3RPHPEQRMHWXGLLGHQWLILFLUDQMHWUåQLKQLã*UH]D
SRYH]DYRND]DOFHYUD]SRORåOMLYLKSRWHQFLDORYREVHJLQVWUXNWXUDUD]LVNRYDOQLKVNXSLQ
R]LURPDLQVWLWXFLM]QDQMD]QDQVWYHQDLQWHKQRORãNDSURGXNWLYQRVWREVHJLQVWUXNWXUD
L]YR]DWHUND]DOFHYWUåQLKSULORåQRVWLNLVRL]YHQREPRþMDGHORYDQMDVORYHQVNLK
DNWHUMHYUDVWSRYSUDãHYDQMDY(8LQYVYHWXWHKQRORãNLWUHQGLUD]YRMNRQNXUHQFH
+NUDWLPRUDWHKQRORãNRSUHGYLGHYDQMHWHPHOMLWLQDãLURNHPNRQVHQ]XSUHGVWDYQLNRY
XSUDYOMDYFHYDNDGHPVNHVNXSQRVWLSRVORYQHJDVHNWRUMDLQFLYLOQHGUXåEHWHUELWL
SRGSUWRVSULSUDYOMHQRVWMRSRVORYQHJDVHNWRUMD]DVRILQDQFLUDQMHYODJDQMQDWHK
SRGURþMLKWHULQWHJUDWLYQRVSRVREQRVWMRNOMXþQLKDNWHUMHYQDSRVDPH]QLKSRGURþMLK
'ROHWDER]DWRSRWHNDORWXGLWHKQRORãNRSUHGYLGHYDQMHNDWHUHJDQDPHQMH]
PHWRGRDQNHWLUDQMDLQHNVSHUWQHUD]SUDYHSUDYRþDVQR]D]QDWLSRWUHERSRVSUHPHPEL
RSUHGHOLWYHSUHGQRVWQLKSRGURþLMWHUKNUDWLRFHQLWLNDWHUDRåMDWHPDWVNDR]LURPD
SUREOHPVNDSRGURþMDVRODKNR]D6ORYHQLMRãHSRVHEHMUHOHYDQWQD5H]XOWDWL
WHKQRORãNHJDSUHGYLGHYDQMDERGRVSURWLMDYQRGRVWRSQLLQERGRWDNRVOXåLOLNRW
QHIRUPDOQRYHQGDUVWURNRYQRUHOHYDQWQRGRGDWQRPHULOR]DXVPHUMDQMHYLURY]D
UD]LVNRYDOQRUD]YRMQRGHMDYQRVW
3RPHPEQRMHREOLNRYDQMHVNXSQLKVWUDWHãNLKSDQRåQLKVNXSLQLQGXVWULMH
VWRULWYHQHJDVHNWRUMDLQMDYQLKUD]LVNRYDOQLKLQVWLWXFLM]DSULSUDYRGROJRURþQLK
XVPHULWHYLQVWUDWHãNLKUD]LVNRYDOQLKSURJUDPRY]DVSUHMHWHWHKQRORãNHSODWIRUPH
'ROHWDMHWUHED]QRWUDMGUXåERVORYMDLQKXPDQLVWLNHXUDYQRYHVLWLVWUXNWXUR
MDYQLKYODJDQMYWHPHOMQR]QDQVWYHQRUD]LVNRYDOQRGHMDYQRVWYNRULVWGRVOHM
]DSRVWDYOMHQLKSRGURþLMLQVWURNNLVRSRPHPEQH]DGXKRYQRLQNXOWXUQRRVYHãþDQMHLQ
NUHSLWHYFLYLOQHGUXåEH3RVHEQDVNUEPRUDYHOMDWLVNUEL]DDSOLFLUDQMHKXPDQLVWLþQLKLQ
GUXåERVORYQLK]QDQMLQYHGHQMQDSRGURþMLKSROLWLNHPHGLMHYLQWXGLHWLNHFHORWQHJD
]QDQVWYHQRUD]LVNRYDOQHJDSRGURþMDVDMERWDNRPRJRþHYVR]QDQRVWKXPDQL]LUDWLLQ
SUHSUHþLWLQMHQPUWYLWHKQRORãNLDOLJRVSRGDUVNRWHKQRNUDWVNLWRN2PRJRþDQDM
SRWUHEQRSRYH]RYDQMHVWURNLQSRGURþLM]DFHORVWQLWUDMQRVWQLLQKXPDQLQDSUHGHN
SRVDPH]QLNRYLQFHORWQHGUXåEHWHURODMãDQMLKRYRNRQNXUHQþQRVSRVREQRVWY
JOREDOL]DFLMVNLKSRVWPRGHUQLKWRNRYLK
3UL6YHWX]D]QDQRVWLQWHKQRORJLMR5HSXEOLNH6ORYHQLMD6=7ERSRWUHEQD
Y]SRVWDYLWHYWHOHVNMHUVHVUHþXMHMRSRVORYQLVHNWRUUD]LVNRYDOFLLQGUåDYDLQNMHU
GRORþLMRSUHGQRVWQHWHPH]QRWUDMSRVDPH]QLKSRGURþLMSUHGYVHP]DDSOLNDWLYQH
UD]LVNDYH2VQRYR]DWDNDWHOHVDODKNRGDMRãLURNHWHKQRORãNHSODWIRUPHJUR]GLPUHåH
RGOLþQRVWLLSGYRNYLUXNDWHULKVHODKNRL]YDMDMRSURMHNWLWHKQRORãNHJDSUHGYLGHYDQMD
3UYDSRGUREQDHYDOYDFLMDXYHOMDYOMDQMDSULRULWHWYRNYLUX1553NLVHL]YDMDSRG
RNULOMHP6=7ERRSUDYOMHQDSRGYHKOHWLKL]YDMDQMD15531DSRGODJLXJRWRYLWHY
HYDOYDFLMHWHKQRORãNHJDSUHGYLGHYDQMDLQGUXJLKUHOHYDQWQLKDQDOL]VHRSUDYLWXGL
NRUHNFLMDSULRULWHWþHVHERL]ND]DOR]DSRWUHEQR
