Page 68 - Ana Kozina and Nora Wiium, eds. ▪︎ Positive Youth Development in Contexts. Ljubljana: Educational Research Institute, 2021. Digital Library, Dissertationes (Scientific Monographs), 42.
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positive youth development in contextsInhalation last yearMarijuana last yearOther illegal drugs last year
Table 4: T-tests of the mean scores for developmental assets by the consumption of illegal drugs.Yes NoYes NoYes No
68 M(SD) M(SD) t d M(SD) M(SD) t d M(SD) M(SD) t d
Support 2.72(.62) 2.95(.55) -2.41* -.42 2.82(.57) 2.98(.55) -3.53*** -.30 2.76(.74) 2.95(.55) -1.77 -.34
Empowerment 3.03(.65) 3.15(.44) -1.56 -.28 3.11(.49) 3.16(.44) -1.17 -.10 2.84(.63) 3.16(.44) -3.59*** -.70
Expectancies and Boundaries 2.79(.48) 2.92(.43) -1.65 -.30 2.83(.43) 2.95(.43) -3.26** -.29 2.64(.53) 2.93(.43) -3.40** -.68
Constructive use of time 2.36(.68) 2.11(.60) 2.32* .40 2.08(.60) 2.14(.61) -1.11 -.09 2.14(.67) 2.12(.61) .13 .03
Commitment to learning 2.82(.75) 3.01(.50) -2.10* -.37 2.85(.43) 3.06(.50) -4.81*** -.41 2.67(.64) 3.02(.51) -3.49** -.67
Positive values 2.69(.47) 2.98(.41) -3.95*** -.71 2.85(.43) 3.01(.40) -4.39*** -.38 2.69(.51) 2.98(.41) -3.57*** -.70
Social skills 2.74(.45) 3.14(.43) -5.08*** -.93 2.96(.43) 3.17(.43) -5.94*** -.51 2.61(.47) 3.14(.42) -6.41*** -1.26
A positive identity 2.82(.59) 2.88(.55) -.55 -.10 2.83(.62) 2.89(.53) -1.14 -.10 2.73(.71) 2.88(.55) -1.43 -.27
Internal assets 11.06(1.35) 12.02(1.42) -3.60*** -.68 11.52(1.32) 12.14(1.43) -5.00*** -.44 10.75(1.49) 12.03(1.40) -4.56*** -.91
External assets 10.87(2.04) 11.14(1.56) -.88 -.17 10.85(1.59) 11.22(1.57) -2.63** -.23 10.02(2.04) 11.16(1.56) -3.35** -.73
Table 4: T-tests of the mean scores for developmental assets by the consumption of illegal drugs.Yes NoYes NoYes No
68 M(SD) M(SD) t d M(SD) M(SD) t d M(SD) M(SD) t d
Support 2.72(.62) 2.95(.55) -2.41* -.42 2.82(.57) 2.98(.55) -3.53*** -.30 2.76(.74) 2.95(.55) -1.77 -.34
Empowerment 3.03(.65) 3.15(.44) -1.56 -.28 3.11(.49) 3.16(.44) -1.17 -.10 2.84(.63) 3.16(.44) -3.59*** -.70
Expectancies and Boundaries 2.79(.48) 2.92(.43) -1.65 -.30 2.83(.43) 2.95(.43) -3.26** -.29 2.64(.53) 2.93(.43) -3.40** -.68
Constructive use of time 2.36(.68) 2.11(.60) 2.32* .40 2.08(.60) 2.14(.61) -1.11 -.09 2.14(.67) 2.12(.61) .13 .03
Commitment to learning 2.82(.75) 3.01(.50) -2.10* -.37 2.85(.43) 3.06(.50) -4.81*** -.41 2.67(.64) 3.02(.51) -3.49** -.67
Positive values 2.69(.47) 2.98(.41) -3.95*** -.71 2.85(.43) 3.01(.40) -4.39*** -.38 2.69(.51) 2.98(.41) -3.57*** -.70
Social skills 2.74(.45) 3.14(.43) -5.08*** -.93 2.96(.43) 3.17(.43) -5.94*** -.51 2.61(.47) 3.14(.42) -6.41*** -1.26
A positive identity 2.82(.59) 2.88(.55) -.55 -.10 2.83(.62) 2.89(.53) -1.14 -.10 2.73(.71) 2.88(.55) -1.43 -.27
Internal assets 11.06(1.35) 12.02(1.42) -3.60*** -.68 11.52(1.32) 12.14(1.43) -5.00*** -.44 10.75(1.49) 12.03(1.40) -4.56*** -.91
External assets 10.87(2.04) 11.14(1.56) -.88 -.17 10.85(1.59) 11.22(1.57) -2.63** -.23 10.02(2.04) 11.16(1.56) -3.35** -.73
