Page 67 - Ana Kozina and Nora Wiium, eds. ▪︎ Positive Youth Development in Contexts. Ljubljana: Educational Research Institute, 2021. Digital Library, Dissertationes (Scientific Monographs), 42.
P. 67
developmental assets and healthy lifestyles among spanish youthAlcohol last monthBeen drunk last monthSmoking last monthBetting last year
Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No
Table 3: T-tests of the mean scores for developmental assets by the consumption of alcohol and tobacco,
and the practice of betting.M(SD) M(SD)tdM(SD) M(SD)tdM(SD) M(SD)tdM(SD) M(SD)td
67Support 2.96(.55) 2.88(.57) 1.77 .15 2.95(.54) 2.94(.57) .16 .01 2.91(.53) 2.96(.57) -1.26 -.10 2.87(.56) 2.97(.55) -2.14* -.18
Empowerment 3.17(.44) 3.06(.49) 2.95** .25 3.18(.44) 3.13(.46) 1.45 .11 3.15(.44) 3.14(.46) .34 .03 3.13(.48) 3.15(.45) -.61 -.05
Expectancies 2.92(.42) 2.91(.47) .35 .03 2.88(.42) 2.94(.44) -1.95 -.15 2.88(.43) 2.94(.43) -1.85 -.14 2.84(.42) 2.95(.44) -3.00** -.25
and Boundaries
Constructive use 2.14(.61) 2.06(.61) 1.47 .13 2.13(.60) 2.12(.62) .35 .03 2.08(.60) 2.15(.61) -1.65 -.12 2.17(.61) 2.10(.61) 1.40 .11
of time
Commitment to 2.99(.52) 3.06(.53) -1.51 -.13 2.93(.50) 3.06(.52) -3.31** -.25 2.94(.54) 3.05(.50) -2.67** -.20 2.86(.52) 3.06(.51) -4.87*** -.40
learning
Positive values 2.96(.41) 3.00(.43) -1.10 -.10 2.91(.39) 3.00(.42) -2.92** -.22 2.90(.42) 3.01(.40) -3.43** -.26 2.88(.40) 3.00(.42) -3.48** -.29
Social skills 3.11(.44) 3.15(.42) -.94 -.08 3.06(.45) 3.16(.42) -2.97** -.22 3.05(.45) 3.17(.42) -3.78*** -.29 3.01(.46) 3.16(.42) -4.26*** -.35
A positive iden- 2.90(.54) 2.79(.58) 2.24* .19 2.85(.54) 2.89(.56) -.91 -.07 2.84(.58) 2.90(.54) -1.37 -.10 2.93(.55) 2.85(.56) 1.69 .14
tity
Internal assets 11.97(1.41) 12.02(1.47) -.44 -.04 11.74(1.35) 12.14(1.45) -3.66*** -.29 11.74(1.46) 12.13(1.39) -3.48** -.28 11.73(1.37) 12.08(1.44) -2.94** -.25
External assets 11.20(1.54) 10.91(1.70) 2.11* .19 11.13(1.55) 11.13(1.61) -.04 -.01 11.01(1.52) 11.21(1.62) -1.57 -.12 11.03(1.53) 11.16(1.61) -.96 -.08
Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No
Table 3: T-tests of the mean scores for developmental assets by the consumption of alcohol and tobacco,
and the practice of betting.M(SD) M(SD)tdM(SD) M(SD)tdM(SD) M(SD)tdM(SD) M(SD)td
67Support 2.96(.55) 2.88(.57) 1.77 .15 2.95(.54) 2.94(.57) .16 .01 2.91(.53) 2.96(.57) -1.26 -.10 2.87(.56) 2.97(.55) -2.14* -.18
Empowerment 3.17(.44) 3.06(.49) 2.95** .25 3.18(.44) 3.13(.46) 1.45 .11 3.15(.44) 3.14(.46) .34 .03 3.13(.48) 3.15(.45) -.61 -.05
Expectancies 2.92(.42) 2.91(.47) .35 .03 2.88(.42) 2.94(.44) -1.95 -.15 2.88(.43) 2.94(.43) -1.85 -.14 2.84(.42) 2.95(.44) -3.00** -.25
and Boundaries
Constructive use 2.14(.61) 2.06(.61) 1.47 .13 2.13(.60) 2.12(.62) .35 .03 2.08(.60) 2.15(.61) -1.65 -.12 2.17(.61) 2.10(.61) 1.40 .11
of time
Commitment to 2.99(.52) 3.06(.53) -1.51 -.13 2.93(.50) 3.06(.52) -3.31** -.25 2.94(.54) 3.05(.50) -2.67** -.20 2.86(.52) 3.06(.51) -4.87*** -.40
learning
Positive values 2.96(.41) 3.00(.43) -1.10 -.10 2.91(.39) 3.00(.42) -2.92** -.22 2.90(.42) 3.01(.40) -3.43** -.26 2.88(.40) 3.00(.42) -3.48** -.29
Social skills 3.11(.44) 3.15(.42) -.94 -.08 3.06(.45) 3.16(.42) -2.97** -.22 3.05(.45) 3.17(.42) -3.78*** -.29 3.01(.46) 3.16(.42) -4.26*** -.35
A positive iden- 2.90(.54) 2.79(.58) 2.24* .19 2.85(.54) 2.89(.56) -.91 -.07 2.84(.58) 2.90(.54) -1.37 -.10 2.93(.55) 2.85(.56) 1.69 .14
tity
Internal assets 11.97(1.41) 12.02(1.47) -.44 -.04 11.74(1.35) 12.14(1.45) -3.66*** -.29 11.74(1.46) 12.13(1.39) -3.48** -.28 11.73(1.37) 12.08(1.44) -2.94** -.25
External assets 11.20(1.54) 10.91(1.70) 2.11* .19 11.13(1.55) 11.13(1.61) -.04 -.01 11.01(1.52) 11.21(1.62) -1.57 -.12 11.03(1.53) 11.16(1.61) -.96 -.08
