Page 189 - Ana Kozina and Nora Wiium, eds. ▪︎ Positive Youth Development in Contexts. Ljubljana: Educational Research Institute, 2021. Digital Library, Dissertationes (Scientific Monographs), 42.

contact-based interventions to reduce ethnic prejudice ...

Table 1: Effectiveness of interventions based on different parameters.

n d+ 95% CI

Contact-based interventions* 42 0.48 0.37, 0.60

Types of contact-based interventions

Direct contact-based interventions 6 0.82 0.66, 0.99

Indirect contact-based interventions 34 0.37 0.26, 0.48

Types of indirect contact-based in-
terventions

Vicarious contact-based interven- 13 0.22 0.09, 0.35
tions

Extended contact-based interven- 13 0.31 0.16, 0.46
tions

Imagined contact-based interven- 8 0.72 0.50, 0.93
tions

Ethnic status

Ethnic majority group members 24 0.43 0.32, 0.54

Mixed ethnic group members 14 0.35 0.15, 0.55

Age of participants

Less than 9 years 11 0.52 0.36, 0.68

Between 9-11 years 14 0.77 0.57, 0.98

Above 12 years 8 0.05 0.01, 0.09

Administrator of intervention

Teacher 5 0.07 0.01, 0.13

Researcher 20 0.41 0.28,0.54

External colleague 4 0.76 0.57, 0.95

Student 5 0.19 0.00, 0.37

Number of sessions

1 session 5 0.09 0.06, 0.12

3 sessions 17 0.66 0.45, 0.87

6 sessions 13 0.31 0.27, 0.35

12 sessions 4 0.76 0.56, 0.95

Length of sessions

Less than 20 min 12 0.3 0.15, 0.46

20 to 60 min 12 0.76 0.48, 1.04

2 to 4 hours 6 0.65 0.46, 0.85

Direct contact intervention outcomes

Cognitive 2 0.93 0.83, 1.02

Affective 1 0.78 /

Behavioural 3 0.77 0.43, 1.10

Indirect contact intervention ou-
tcomes

Cognitive 14 0.42 0.25, 0.59

Affective 3 0.05 0.02, 0.08

Behavioural 14 0.36 0.29, 0.43

Note. n = number of calculated effect sizes. d+ = mean effect size. 95% CI = 95% confidence interval
for calculated mean effect size. *Results include all calculated intervention effect sizes.

189